Hydrogeological and engineering geological conditions on the territory of electrolysis and alumina production

The study of hydrogeological and engineering-geological conditions was carried out on the territory of electrolysis and alumina production located in the southeastern part of Kamensk-Uralsky, in the zone of development of the Middle Devonian volcanogenic rocks of andesibasalt composition. As a result of the research, it was found that groundwater forms three aquifers. Groundwater has a direct impact on the condition and properties of the soils of the bases and a direct impact on the buried parts of the foundations and structures of the plant. The degree of this influence and impact directly depends on the depth of occurrence, area distribution and chemical composition of groundwater, as well as on the filtration properties of water-bearing and water-resistant rocks. The chemical composition of groundwater does not change significantly in the long-term cycle, but differs in the areas of electrolysis and alumina production. The greatest pollution of groundwater is recorded within the limits of alumina production. The soils developed within the studied territory belong to a complex system, which is affected by man-made processes with varying degrees of intensity. The result of this impact was a violation of the engineering and geological conditions of the area and the acquisition of new specific properties (salinization, swelling, heaving) of the soils of the bases, which contributed to the development of deformations and destruction of building structures and elements of buildings and structures. The work aimed at solving the tasks set was carried out in accordance with regulatory and guidance documents. The selected samples were analyzed in accredited laboratories.

Shirinkin O. Yu., Elokhin V. A. Hydrogeological and engineering geological conditions on the territory of electrolysis and alumina production. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2024;(11):34—47. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2024_011_0_34.

Shirinkin O. Yu., leading hydrogeologist of NPF “GeoS”. 620014, Sverdlovsk region, Yekaterinburg, st. Khokhryakova, 72, office 701, e-mail: shirinkin_ku@mail.ru;
Elokhin V. A., Dr. Sci. (Geol. Mineral.), Senior Researcher, Head. Department of Mining Production, Ural State Mining University, 620144, Ekaterinburg, Kuibysheva street, 30, Russia, e-mail: elokhin.v.a@mail.ru, ORCID: 0000-0003-4355-5156.

Shirinkin O. Yu., e-mail: shirinkin_ku@mail.ru.

1. Abaturova I. V., Petrova I. G., Boltyrov V. B., and Klokova Yu. V. Peculiarities of environmental assessment at ore gold deposits in the Irkutsk region and Yakutia. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2022, no. 11−1, pp. 5–17. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2022_111_0_5.

2. Pochechun V. A., Makarov Ya. A. Field survey of the tailing dump of the Kachkanar industrial hub of the Middle Urals and assessment of its impact on the soil. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2022, no. 11−1, pp. 68–79. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2022_111_0_68.

3. Rybnikova L. S., Rybnikov P. A., Navolokina V. Yu. Assessment of the impact of the flooded Levikha copper pyrite mine on the quality of surface waters of the Tagil River. Problems of Subsoil Use. 2019, no. 3 (22), pp. 155–161.

4. Kharlyamov D. A., Smirnova N. N., Sharafutdinov R. N., Mavrin G. V. Assessment of the quality of groundwater in territories with different anthropogenic and technogenic load. International Scientific Research Journal. 2022, no. 2 (116), part 2. DOI: 10.23670/ IRJ.2022.116.2.0361.

5. Pochechun V. A., Semyachkov A. I., and Kurbanov Ibrahim Kurban ogly. Geoecology of surface and underground waters in the Middle Urals: on the example of the Polevskoy and Kachkanarsky mountainous regions of the Sverdlovsk region. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2021, no. 11−1, pp. 90–97. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2021_111_0_90.

6. Krasnoperova S. A. Assessment of the quality of groundwater on the example of an oil field in Udmurtia. Modern Science: Actual Problems of Theory and Practice. Series: Natural and Technical Sciences. 2022, no. 11, pp. 34–38. DOI: 10.37882/2223−2966.2022.11.15.

7. Sara Mountadar, Abdelkader Younsi, Abdelkader Hayani, Mustapha Siniti, Soufiane Tahiri, Groundwater salinization process in the coastal aquifer Sidi Abed-Ouled Ghanem (Province of El Jadida, Morocco). Journal of African Earth Sciences. 2018, vol. 147, pp. 169–177. DOI: 10.1016/j. jafrearsci.2018.06.025.

8. Yao R., Yan Y., Wei C., Luo M., Xiao Y. and Zhang Y. Hydrochemical Characteristics and Groundwater Quality Assessment Using an Integrated Approach of the PCA, SOM, and Fuzzy c-Means Clustering: A Case Study in the Northern Sichuan Basin. Environ. Sci. 2022, vol. 10, 907872. DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2022.907872.

9. Zhang Y., Dai Y., Wang Y., Huang X., Xiao Y., and Pei Q. Hydrochemistry, Quality and Potential Health Risk Appraisal of Nitrate Enriched Groundwater in the Nanchong Area, Southwestern China. Sci. Total Environ. 2021, vol. 784, 147186. DOI: 10.1016/j. scitotenv.2021.147186.

10. Zhang Y., Xu M., Li X., Qi J., Zhang Q., Guo J., Yu L., Zhao R. Hydrochemical Characteristics and Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Natural Water System: A Case Study in Kangding County, Southwestern China. Water. 2018, vol. 10, pp. 80–96. DOI: 10.3390/ w10010080.

11. Zhang Y., Li X., Luo M., Wei C., Huang X., Xiao Y., Qin L., Pei Q. Hydrochemistry and Entropy-Based Groundwater Quality Assessment in the Suining Area, Southwestern China. J. Chem. 2021, 5591892. DOI: 10.1155/2021/5591892.

12. Petrova D. I. Technogenic transformation of the underground hydrosphere of Kazan. Aquiferous Nizhnekazansky complex. Proceedings of USGU. 2021, issue 2 (62), pp. 114–122. DOI: 10.21440/2307-2091-2021-2-114−122.

13. Bogdanov E. N. On the mechanical properties of clay soils. Ground science. 2012, no. 1, pp. 62–70.

14. Zdobin D. Yu. Natural strength and deformability of clay soils. Part 1. Engineering Geology. 2015, no. 3, pp. 12–21.

15. Zdobin D. Yu., Simonova Yu. V., Rusakov A. V. The degree of soil salinity: issues of terminology, regulatory and technical support, methods of determination. Soil science. 2018, no. 2, pp. 48–56.

16. Elokhin V. A. Geochemical transformation of soils in the zone of influence of the slag heap for the period 2006–2020. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2021, no. 11−1, pp. 98–110. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2021_111_0_98.

17. Safiullina I. S., Khairulina L. A., Shainurova A. R. On the study of the physical and mechanical properties of soils for engineering geological purposes. Historical aspects of the formation and development of soil science and soil mechanics. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Belarus. 2022, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 22–35. DOI: 10.24412/1728− 5283_2022_2_22_36.

18. Shirinkin O. Yu., Elokhin V. A. Physical and mechanical properties of technogenic soils on the territory of electrolysis and alumina production. Bulletin of the Ural State Mining University. 2016, no. 21, pp. 28–31. DOI: dx.doi.org/10.21440/2307-2091-2016-2-28−31.

19. Elokhin V. A., Shirinkin O. Yu. Evaluation of the degree of salinity of soils of foundations and foundations of buildings and structures on the territory of alumina production. News of higher educational institutions. Mining magazine. 2015, no. 5, pp. 81–87.

20. Shirinkin O. Yu., Elokhin V. A. Deformation factors of the foundations of buildings and structures on the territory of alumina and electrolysis production. News of higher educational institutions. Mining magazine. 2015, no. 7, pp. 61–67.