Justification of support design for tunnel and shaft intersections in salt

Authors: Kirienko Y A

Intersections of tunnels and shafts feature a complex geometry, as a rule, and experience the higher overburden pressure. In potash and salt mines, the tunnel and shaft intersections are driven in salt or in salt-bearing rocks. Sensitivity of salt rocks to long-term creeping governs the choice of the support design systems and material for the tunnel and shaft intersections. The article presents numerical experimentation aimed to determine the most efficient support design for the tunnel and shaft intersection as a case-study of the Upper Kama Potassium–Magnesium Salt Deposit. 3D computation was performed using the finite element method in software program Midas GTS NX (FEA NX). In the study, the analytical model was constructed for each test item and with a number of the support design alternatives. The scope of the comprehensive analysis embraced: operation of the multi-layer support systems in the tunnel and shaft intersection with regard to location and thickness of the yielding layer; size of movement joints in the shaft and in its intersection with the tunnel; effect of the curb and its position in the tunnel and shaft intersection with a skip loading facility. In this manner, the cardinally new solutions are discussed and the existing decisions are optimized to decrease the support loading in the conditions of creeping salt rocks. The results show that some constructional decisions allow reducing stresses in the shaft tubing at intersections with tunnels by 73%. The conclusions drawn in the article make it possible to substantiate the general layout and constructional decisions of the support design for the tunnel and shaft intersections.

Keywords: support design, intersections, shaft, rock salt creep, numerical method, finite element method, two-layer support system, creep deformation, computation program, stability.
For citation:

Kirienko Yu. A. Justification of support design for tunnel and shaft intersections in salt. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2022;(6):20-34. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236_ 1493_2022_6_0_20.

Acknowledgements:
Issue number: 6
Year: 2022
Page number: 20-34
ISBN: 0236-1493
UDK: 622.062
DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2022_6_0_20
Article receipt date: 07.12.2021
Date of review receipt: 25.01.2022
Date of the editorial board′s decision on the article′s publishing: 10.05.2022
About authors:

Yu.A. Kirienko, Graduate Student, Information Technology Department, National University of Science and Technology «MISiS», 119049, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: 9267810740@mail.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4575-7328.

 

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