Theoretical investigation of usability of tunnel waves in rock mass monitoring near underground structures

The article addresses the problem connected with the control of underground structures in solid mineral mining. For the problem solving, it is proposed to use the surface/tunnel waves which propagate along the surfaces of underground openings. The investigation of the proposed approach efficiency used the methods of mathematical modeling and numerical experimentation. The scope of the analysis embraced propagation of seismic waves in a medium containing a long void (underground roadway, tunnel) and a nonuniform inclusion (domain with different velocity characteristics than in the enclosing medium). The elasticity equations were solved using the Spectral Element Method (SEM). When an active source is present on the surface of the void, the scattered and reflected waves appear in the seismograms. The developed numerical algorithm uses summing up of the energies of these waves. The algorithm enables detection of structural features of media near voids. It is shown that the detectability of an abnormal zone in rocks drops with the growing distance between the zone and the void. At the distance greater than 0.6 of the wave length, it becomes difficult to detect an inclusion. Another approach includes the analysis of the velocity characteristics of the surface waves. In calculation of the phase velocities of the surface waves propagating along a void, some peculiarities arise at the location of the inhomogeneity. In particular, if the inhomogeneity features the lower velocity parameters than the enclosing medium has, the decrease is observed in the phase velocity.

Azarov A. V., Serdyukov A. S., Skazka V. V. Theoretical investigation of usability of tunnel waves in rock mass monitoring near underground structures. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2024;(4):155-167. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2024_4_0_155.

The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, Project No. 22-27-20126, https://rscf.ru/project/22-27-20126/, and by the Government of the Novosibirsk Region.

A.V. Azarov¹, Researcher, e-mail: antonazv@mail.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6967-4239,
A.S. Serdyukov¹, Cand. Sci. (Phys. Mathem.), Senior Researcher, e-mail: aleksanderserdyukov@ya.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0035-8563-5708,
V.V. Skazka¹, Dr. Sci. (Phys. Mathem.), Leading Researcher, e-mail: vskazka@gmail.com,
¹ Chinakal Institute of Mining of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630091, Novosibirsk, Russia.

A.V. Azarov, e-mail: antonazv@mail.ru.

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